Question 1

In celiac disease, the protein gluten damages the intestinal villi.Describe why this damage often results in significant malabsorption and malnutrition.

Accepted Answer

When the protein gluten damages the inte...

Question 2

Not eating or drinking anything at all is the best way to treat diarrhea in adults and children.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

Insufficient production of bile is mostly likely to impair absorption of ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  starch
B)  fat
C)  protein
D)  sugarsE) None of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 4

Amino acids and glucose enter cells by ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  active transport
B)  passive diffusion
C)  facilitated diffusion
D)  endocytosisE) A) and C)
F) All of the above

Question 5

Gluten is best described as ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  a protein found in wheat and related grains
B)  a carbohydrate found in wheat and related grains
C)  a substance found in wheat and related grains that causes irritable bowel disease
D)  a medication used to treat celiac diseaseE) A) and C)
F) None of the above A

Question 6

The bacteria that usually inhabit the large intestine are prevented from backing up into the ileum by the action of the ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  sphincter of Oddi
B)  ileocecal sphincter
C)  pyloric sphincter
D)  rectal sphincterE) B) and C)
F) C) and D)

Question 7

Heartburn is caused by ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  acid surrounding the heart muscle
B)  acid and other digestive enzymes within the heart muscle
C)  the backflow of acidic stomach contents into the esophagus
D)  None of these choices are accurateE) B) and C)
F) A) and D) C

Question 8

Which of the following digestive disorders is caused by the bacterium Helicobacter pylori?

Accepted Answer

A)  flatulence
B)  constipation
C)  diarrhea
D)  peptic ulcerE) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 9

An example of a prebiotic is ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  a food that contains a naturally occurring antibiotic
B)  cheese, because of its short-chain fatty acid content
C)  any food that contains organic acids and short-chain fatty acids
D)  inulin, a poorly-digested carbohydrate found in foods such as onions, garlic, and asparagusE) All of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 10

A main cause of intestinal gas formation is ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  a lack of bacteria in the large intestine
B)  the breakdown of undigested carbohydrates by bacteria in the large intestine
C)  insufficient bile production for fat digestion and absorption
D)  All of these choices are correctE) B) and C)
F) None of the above B

Question 11

Actions of hydrochloric acid produced by the stomach include ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  promoting digestion of protein
B)  destroying bacteria and viruses found in foods
C)  dissolving dietary minerals for improved absorption
D)  All of the responses are correctE) None of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 12

Saliva contains ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  an amylase
B)  mucus
C)  intrinsic factor
D)  an amylase and mucusE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 13

The small intestine is divided into three segments.List them in descending order.

Accepted Answer

A)  Ileum, jejunum, duodenum
B)  Jejunum, ileum, duodenum
C)  Duodenum, ileum, jejunum
D)  Duodenum, jejunum, ileumE) All of the above
F) B) and D)

Question 14

A coordinated muscular contraction that propels food along the GI tract is called ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  a sphincter
B)  enterohepatic circulation
C)  a pump
D)  peristalsisE) B) and C)
F) All of the above

Question 15

The fluid mixture that moves from the stomach to the duodenum is called ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  bolus
B)  chyme
C)  food
D)  None of these choices are accurateE) None of the above
F) A) and C)

Question 16

The hepatic portal system delivers nutrients from the digestive tract to the ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  heart
B)  liver
C)  kidneys
D)  lungsE) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 17

The stomach is protected from digesting itself by producing ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  bicarbonate only when food is in the stomach
B)  a thick layer of mucus to coat the lining of the stomach
C)  hydroxyl ions to neutralize the acid
D)  antipepsin that destroys digestive substancesE) All of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 18

Bicarbonate ions (HCO3-)  from the pancreas ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  neutralize the acid contents in the stomach
B)  are synthesized in the pyloric sphincter
C)  neutralize the bile in the duodenum
D)  neutralize the acid contents in the duodenumE) B) and C)
F) A) and C)

Question 19

Which of the following is NOT true about inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) ?

Accepted Answer

A)  The most common types are ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease.
B)  It can cause inflammation and ulceration throughout the gastrointestinal tract.
C)  IBD is caused by a reaction to proteins in foods.
D)  Nutritional problems related to IBD include anemia, osteoporosis and poor growth (in children) .E) A) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 20

Swollen veins in the rectum or anus are called ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  hemorrhoids
B)  peptic ulcers
C)  heartburn
D)  irritable bowel syndromeE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Exam 4: Human Digestion and Absorption

In celiac disease, the protein gluten damages the intestinal villi.Describe why this damage often results in significant malabsorption and malnutrition.

Correct AnswerAnswered by ExamLex AIWhen the protein gluten damages the inte...View AnswerShow Answer

Not eating or drinking anything at all is the best way to treat diarrhea in adults and children.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Insufficient production of bile is mostly likely to impair absorption of ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Amino acids and glucose enter cells by ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Gluten is best described as ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedA

The bacteria that usually inhabit the large intestine are prevented from backing up into the ileum by the action of the ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Heartburn is caused by ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedC

Which of the following digestive disorders is caused by the bacterium Helicobacter pylori?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

An example of a prebiotic is ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A main cause of intestinal gas formation is ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedB

Actions of hydrochloric acid produced by the stomach include ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Saliva contains ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The small intestine is divided into three segments.List them in descending order.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A coordinated muscular contraction that propels food along the GI tract is called ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The fluid mixture that moves from the stomach to the duodenum is called ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The hepatic portal system delivers nutrients from the digestive tract to the ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The stomach is protected from digesting itself by producing ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Bicarbonate ions (HCO3-) from the pancreas ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is NOT true about inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) ?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Swollen veins in the rectum or anus are called ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
Answered by ExamLex AI
When the protein gluten damages the inte...
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A

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Bicarbonate ions (HCO₃-) from the pancreas ________.

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